Vulnerability record

CVE-2016-3081

Apache Struts Command Injection Vulnerability

Severity: HighExploitation: Exploitation confirmedCISA KEV
What should I do?

This vulnerability is in the CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog: attackers are using it. If you run Struts, fix it now.

CISA required action: Apply mitigations in accordance with vendor instructions, ensuring compliance with CISA’s BOD 26-04 Prioritizing Security Updates Based on Risk (see URL in Notes) guidance and CISA’s “Forensics Triage Requirements” (see URL in Notes). Follow applicable BOD 26-04 guidance for cloud services or discontinue use of the product if mitigations are unavailable. Stakeholders are responsible for evaluating each asset's internet exposure and ensuring adherence to BOD 26-04 patching guidelines.

US federal civilian agencies must remediate by Oct 11, 2026.

Patch status

Official fix available since

Apply the vendor's update to every affected system. Check the fixed-in versions below where known.

Basis: NVD patch reference

Description

Apache Struts 2.3.19 to 2.3.20.2, 2.3.21 to 2.3.24.1, and 2.3.25 to 2.3.28, when Dynamic Method Invocation is enabled, allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via method: prefix, related to chained expressions.

Source: NIST National Vulnerability Database. Official vulnerability data, reproduced as published.

Affected products

Products affected by this vulnerability, with versions and the source of each entry
ProductVendorAffected versionsSource
StrutsApache Software Foundation2.0.0; 2.0.1; 2.0.2; 2.0.3; 2.0.4; 2.0.5KEV

Sources: KEV = CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog.

Intelligence timeline

Developments from the last 30 days, newest first.

  1. CVSS scoredUpdateKEV

    CVE-2016-3081 scored CVSS 8.1: Apache Struts, Apache Struts Command Injection Vulnerability

    CISA lists this as exploited in the wild. Unpatched Struts systems are exposed to active attacks now.

    Basis: NIST National Vulnerability Database

  2. Patch releasedUpdateKEV

    Patch released for CVE-2016-3081: Apache Struts, Apache Struts Command Injection Vulnerability

    An official fix is now available for Apache Struts. This vulnerability is being exploited, so apply it promptly.

    Basis: NVD patch reference

  3. Added to CISA KEV

    CVE-2016-3081 added to CISA KEV: Apache Struts, Apache Struts Command Injection Vulnerability

    CISA lists this as exploited in the wild. Unpatched Struts systems are exposed to active attacks now.

    Basis: CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog

Coverage

References

  • cwiki.apache.org https://cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/WW/S2-032
  • cisa.gov https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/directives/bod-26-04-prioritizing-security-updates-based-risk
  • cisa.gov https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/directives/bod-26-04-implementation-guidance-prioritizing-security-updates-ba…
  • nvd.nist.gov https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2016-3081
  • packetstormsecurity.com http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/136856/Apache-Struts-2.3.28-Dynamic-Method-Invocation-Remote-Code-Executi…
  • huawei.com http://www.huawei.com/en/psirt/security-advisories/huawei-sa-20160527-01-struts2-en
  • oracle.com http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/security-advisory/cpujul2016-2881720.html
  • oracle.com http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/security-advisory/cpuoct2016-2881722.html
  • rapid7.com http://www.rapid7.com/db/modules/exploit/linux/http/struts_dmi_exec
  • rapid7.com http://www.rapid7.com/db/modules/exploit/multi/http/struts_dmi_exec
  • securityfocus.com http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/87327
  • securityfocus.com http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/91787
  • securitytracker.com http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1035665
  • struts.apache.org https://struts.apache.org/docs/s2-032.html
  • exploit-db.com https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/39756/